Mitochondrial respiration is an ancient characteristic of eukaryotes. However, it was lost independently in multiple eukaryotic lineages as part of adaptations to an anaerobic lifestyle.
PNAS via PubMed
Posted inArctic / Antarctic / Alpine, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Away Teams & Field Reports, Exploration Gear & Tech, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Mapping, Geodesy, Cartography, Bathymetry, Nomenclature, Systematics, Natural History, ROVs/Submersibles/Diving, Status Report, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
Ocean World Cartography: The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 5.0
Knowledge about seafloor depth, or bathymetry, is crucial for various marine activities, including scientific research, offshore industry, safety of navigation, and ocean exploration.
Posted inAnalog Studies, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biophysics, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Fossils & Paleontology, Habitable Zones, Icy Worlds, Mars, Status Report, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
The Elusive Nature Of Martian Liquid Brines
The possible presence of brines on Mars adds an intriguing dimension to the exploration of Martian environments.
Posted inArtemis & Lunar Exploration, Caves, Craters, Mountains, Subsurface, Lava Tubes, Exploration Gear & Tech, Habitable Zones, Icy Worlds, Life Support Systems, Mars, Missions & Hardware, Moon, Press Release
Finding Water On The Moon And Mars: Humanity’s Extraterrestrial Future
The inclination to explore across vast expanses has been a continual part of human history. In voyages across the Atlantic, or North America, one of the greatest obstacles was the […]
Posted inBiochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biophysics, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics, Origin & Evolution of Life, Status Report
Order Of Amino Acid Recruitment Into The Genetic Code Resolved By The Last Universal Common Ancestor’s Protein Domains
The current “consensus” order in which amino acids were added to the genetic code is based on potentially biased criteria, such as the absence of sulfur-containing amino acids from the […]
Posted inAstrochemistry, Astrogeology, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Comets and Asteroids, Cryobiology, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Missions & Hardware, Radiation, Status Report
Ionizing Radiation Exposure On Arrokoth Shapes A Sugar World
The flyby of the New Horizons spacecraft of the Kuiper Belt Object Arrokoth revealed its reddish appearance and unraveled the unexpected presence of a methanol-rich surface.
Posted inBiosignatures & Paleobiology, Exploration Gear & Tech, Mars, Microbiology & Virology, Missions & Hardware, Planetary Protection & Biosafety, Space Life Science, Status Report
Planetary Protection Requirements Should Address Pollution From Chemicals And Materials
Governments and private entities are currently developing plans to send humans to the surface of Mars. Transporting humans to Mars, sustaining them, and enabling their activities on the surface will […]
Posted inAway Teams & Field Reports, Cryobiology, Exploration Gear & Tech, Life Support Systems, Missions & Hardware, Space Life Science, Space Physiology & Medicine, Status Report
Working Toward Human Hibernation During Long Term Spaceflight
Editor’s note: As we start to move off-world on longer space missions, the issue of crew health, food, life support, and overall safety becomes a pressing issue. If you can […]
Posted inExtremeophiles and Extreme Environments, Habitable Zones, Lava / magma ocean / Volcanic Worlds, Mapping, Geodesy, Cartography, Bathymetry, Microbiology & Virology, Origin & Evolution of Life, ROVs/Submersibles/Diving, Status Report, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
High Functional Vulnerability Across Earth’s Deep-sea Hydrothermal Vent Communities
At the nearly pristine hydrothermal vents of the deep sea, highly endemic animals depend upon bacteria nourished by hydrothermal fluids that emerge as outflows from the seafloor. These animals are […]
Posted inAstrochemistry, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Status Report
Prebiotic Access To Enantioenriched Amino Acids Via Peptide-mediated Transamination Reactions
The kinetic resolution of racemic amino acids mediated by dipeptides and pyridoxal provides a prebiotically plausible route to enantioenriched proteinogenic amino acids.