![Titan surface properties: topography (a), albedo (b), thermal inertia (c) and lake distribution (d). All three maps use 180◦ W to 180◦ E convention. The Huygens lander location is near 167◦ E and 10◦ S in the topography map. -- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/11/TitanMPAS.png?fit=1200%2C670&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.EP] We developed TitanMPAS, a new Titan global and regional climate model, to simulate atmospheric dynamics and methane cycles.
It integrates the non-hydrostatic MPAS dynamical core and TitanWRF physics parameterizations, with corrections to relax the thin-atmosphere assumptions on the gravity and curvature terms. TitanMPAS improves upon TitanWRF by incorporating a better moist convection parameterization and the observed surface properties.
Long-term simulations (>100 Titan years) with a high resolution of 1∘ and the realistic topography show that TitanMPAS is able to produce the stratospheric superrotation with typical equatorial wind speed over 120ms-1and the maximum zonal wind speed exceeding 170ms−1 . Besides the good match of temperature profiles to the Cassini CIRS observations, the simulated wind, temperature and methane abundance in the troposphere match well with Huygens probe in-situ measurements.
TitanMPAS also captures the major features of seasonal methane precipitation distribution patterns inferred from the observed cloud activities, as well as the vertical and latitudinal variations of methane abundance in the reanalysis of Cassini VIMS data. Resolution sensitivity studies show that higher resolution produces faster stratospheric superrotation, as well as stronger near-surface wind due to better resolved terrain variations.
We further demonstrate that, despite the weak solar insolation, the near-surface temperature, pressure, wind magnitude and methane abundance all exhibit diurnal variations. Lastly, we show potential impacts of topography on methane transport and eddy momentum flux in both troposphere and stratosphere, which should be investigated in a future study.
Yuan Lian, Mark I. Richardson, Claire E. Newman, Martin A. Cordiner
Comments: Submitted to The Planetary Science Journal
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
Cite as: arXiv:2611.08700 [astro-ph.EP] (or arXiv:2611.08700v1 [astro-ph.EP] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.08700
Focus to learn more
Submission history
From: Yuan Lian
[v1] Thu, 5 Nov 2026 21:00:00 UTC (6,121 KB)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.08700
Astrobiology,
