Origin & Evolution of Life
Study Reveals Continuous Pathway To Building Blocks Of Life 
Researchers have long sought to understand the origins of life on Earth. A new study conducted by scientists at the Institute for Advanced Study, the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI), and the University of New South Wales, among other participating institutions, marks an important step forward in the effort to understand the chemical origins of life.
Extrasolar Planets
A 1.9R⊕ Transit Candidate In The Habitable Zone Of Kepler-160
The Sun-like star Kepler-160 (KOI-456) has been known to host two transiting planets, Kepler-160 b and c, of which planet c shows substantial transit-timing variations (TTVs).
Europa
Europa's Dynamic Ocean: Taylor Columns, Eddies, Convection, Ice Melting And Salinity
The deep ocean (~100 km) of Europa, Jupiter's moon, is covered by a thick (tens of km) icy shell, and is one of the most probable places in the solar system to find extraterrestrial life. Yet, its ocean dynamics and its interaction with the ice cover have so far received little attention.
Habitable Zones & Global Climate
The Trouble with Water: Condensation, Circulation and Climate
This article discussesl a few of the problems that arise in geophysical fluid dynamics and climate that are associated with the presence of moisture in the air, its condensation and release of latent heat.
Mars
Evidence For An Ancient Sea Level On Mars
Mars shares many similarities and characteristics to Earth including various geological features and planetary structure. The remarkable bimodal distribution of elevations in both planets is one of the most striking global features suggesting similar geodynamic processes of crustal differentiation on Earth and Mars.
Proxima Centauri b
25-Year-Old Hubble Data Confirms Exoplanet Proxima Centauri c
Fritz Benedict has used data he took over two decades ago with Hubble Space Telescope to confirm the existence of another planet around the Sun's nearest neighbor, Proxima Centauri, and to pin down the planet's orbit and mass.
Mars
The Sample-Gathering System On Perseverance Mars Rover
Two astronauts collected Moon rocks on Apollo 11. It will take three robotic systems working together to gather up the first Mars rock samples for return to Earth.
SETI
Reworking the SETI Paradox: METI's Place on the Continuum of Astrobiological Signaling
The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) has heretofore been a largely passive exercise, reliant on the pursuit of technosignatures. Still, there are those that advocate a more active approach.
Habitable Zones & Global Climate
Today's Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels Are Greater Than The 23 Million-year Record
A common message in use to convey the seriousness of climate change to the public is: "Carbon dioxide levels are higher today than they have been for the past one million years!"
Enceladus
Photometrically-corrected Global Infrared Mosaics Of Enceladus: New Implications For Its Spectral Diversity And Geological Activity
Between 2004 and 2017, spectral observations have been gathered by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) on-board Cassini (Brown et al., 2004) during 23 Enceladus close encounters, in addition to more distant surveys.
comets
Cometary Ions Detected By The Cassini Spacecraft 6.5 au Downstream Of Comet 153P/Ikeya-Zhang
During March-April 2002, while between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, the Cassini spacecraft detected a significant enhancement in pickup proton flux.
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