Super-Jupiter Archives - Astrobiology

Best-fit orbit solutions. Here we show the on-sky orbit traced by Eps Ind Ab in panel (a); the evolution of on-sky separation and position angle of the planet during our observational baseline in panels

Astronomy & Telescopes, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report

A Second Visit To Eps Ind Ab With JWST: New Photometry Confirms Ammonia And Suggests Thick Clouds In The Exoplanet Atmosphere Of The Closest Super-Jupiter

by Keith CowingMarch 12, 2026March 12, 2026

With JWST, we are directly imaging cold (~200-300K), solar-age giant exoplanets for the first time.

Planet mass (or minimum mass) as a function of orbital period for planetary systems hosting cold Jupiters.

Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants, Habitable Zones, Ice Giant, Icy Worlds, Status Report, Stellar Cartography

TESS Planets In Known Radial Velocity Cold Jupiter Systems: Hot Super Earth Occurrence Is Enhanced By Cold Jupiters

by Keith CowingFebruary 14, 2026February 14, 2026

The correlation between inner super-Earths (SEs) and outer cold Jupiters (CJs) provides an important constraint on the formation and dynamical evolution of planetary systems. Previous studies have suggested a positive […]

Average completeness (purple), number of planets before correction (red) and number of planets after correction (green) inside each bin (blue lines). Blue and orange circles represent cold Jupiters with and without inner super-Earth companions respectively. The contours on the left panel correspond to detection completeness of stars from the sample hosting at least one super-Earth. On the right panel, the contours correspond to detection completeness of stars that do not host super-Earths. Note that dividing the red number by the purple number gives an approximation of the green number. -- astro-ph.EP

Astronomy & Telescopes, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants, Jupiter, Saturn, Status Report

Saturns, But Not Super-Jupiters, Occur More Frequently In The Presence Of Inner Super-Earths

by Keith CowingJune 27, 2025June 27, 2025

Studies from recent years have reached different conclusions regarding how frequently super-Earths are accompanied by long period giant planets and vice versa. This relation has been predicted to be mass […]

Overview of the chemical elements detected in the transmission spectra of Ultra-Hot Jupiters (UHJ). Planets are ordered by decreasing equilibrium temperature. WASP-33 b is a more challenging target due to the presence of significant stellar pulsations. References: Borsa et al. (2021); Borsato et al. (2023); Hoeijmakers et al. (2018a, 2019, 2020, 2022); Yan & Henning (2018); Cauley et al. (2021); Yan et al. (2019); Prinoth et al. (2024); Prinoth et al. (2023); Stangret et al. (2020, 2022);Bello-Arufe et al. (2022, 2023); Azevedo Silva et al. (2022); Ben-Yami et al. (2020); Merritt et al. (2021); Maguire et al. (2023); Gandhi et al. (2023b); Jiang et al. (2023); Zhang et al. (2022); Casasayas-Barris et al. (2019); Fossati et al. (2023); Nugroho et al. (2020b); Ehrenreich et al. (2020); Tabernero et al. (2021); Deibert et al. (2021); Pelletier et al. (2023). -- astro-ph.EP

Astronomy & Telescopes, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report

Exoplanet Atmospheres At High Spectral Resolution

by Keith CowingMay 15, 2025May 15, 2025

High-resolution spectroscopy (HRS) has grown into one of the main techniques to characterise the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. High spectral resolving power allows for the efficient removal of telluric and […]

Artist impression of exoplanet Gaia-4b -- ESA

Astronomy & Telescopes, Brown Dwarfs, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gaia Mission, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Press Release, Stellar Cartography

Wobbling Stars Reveal Hidden Companions In Gaia Data

by Keith CowingFebruary 4, 2025

New research, published today, uses data collected by ESA’s Gaia spacecraft to confirm the existence of two mysterious celestial objects. Gaia-4b is a ‘Super-Jupiter’ exoplanet, and Gaia-5b a brown dwarf. […]

Alpha Centauri, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants, Science Fiction, Status Report

Stability of the Potential Super Jupiter in Alpha Centauri System

by Keith CowingJune 28, 2024June 28, 2024

The stability of potential exoplanets in binary star systems remains a critical challenge in celestial mechanics.

Dark kinetic heating of a benchmark brown dwarf, white dwarf, the Sun, and the Earth, all at the local position as a function of both interaction strength α and dark force range λ for 1 GeV dark matter. All these plots assume the object’s maximum capture rate. This map shows pure dark kinetic heating with no Standard Model background. The red dashed line on each plot corresponds to the radius of the given object. For the Sun and the Earth, we show the dark kinetic energy deposition rate E˙ χ as a fraction of the object’s measured power, see text for details. -- astro-ph.EP

Brown Dwarfs, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Status Report

Dark Kinetic Heating of Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs

by Keith CowingMay 11, 2024May 11, 2024

Dark kinetic heating of neutron stars has been previously studied as a promising dark matter detection avenue. Kinetic heating occurs when dark matter is sped up to relativistic speeds in […]

Top Panel: Best fitting model from the retrieval, along with the data points of the NIRSpec G395H/F290LP detector 2 (NRS2) observations of VHS 1256 b. We also show the 1σ range of the residuals of the data and model. Bottom Panel: Residuals of the best fit model and the observations, with the 1, 2 and 3σ ranges shown in grey. -- astro-ph.EP

Astrochemistry, Astronomy & Telescopes, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report

JWST Measurements Of 13C, 18O and 17O In The Atmosphere Of Super-Jupiter VHS 1256 b

by Keith CowingNovember 10, 2023November 10, 2023

Isotope ratios have recently been measured in the atmospheres of directly-imaged and transiting exoplanets from ground-based observations. The arrival of JWST allows us to characterise exoplanetary atmospheres in further detail […]