![Radiogenic dose and the benefit of drilling. (a) GCR dose versus depth for constant-depth and steadily exhuming horizons, compared with the depth-independent radiogenic dose. Shading spans the radiogenic dose of the baseline composition at 3 Ga (0.9 MGy) and that of the regional GRS abundances at 3.9 Ga (5.6 MGy). Where a curve crosses the radiogenic level, the two doses are equal. (b) Total-dose reduction at 100–101 and 199–200 cm versus exposure age; dashed lines are the GCR-only shielding factors. Dotted lines mark effective ages for 10 and 100 nm yr−1 exhumation. -- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Radiation.png?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.EP] Amino acid enantiomeric excess (EE) is a potential biosignature, but its measurement requires sufficient surviving material as well as preserved chirality.
Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA)
Posted inBiosignatures & Paleobiology, Fossils & Paleontology, Habitable Zones, Mars, Origin & Evolution of Life, Press Release, Tricorders & Sensors
Mars Mission: A Stress Test For The Search For Life
Billions of years ago, environmental conditions on Mars were significantly more hospitable than they are today. Our neighbouring planet was likely warm, humid, and surrounded by a dense atmosphere.