[astro-ph.SR] Stellar age is fundamental for reconstructing planetary-system evolution but remains difficult to determine for unevolved main-sequence stars.
Stellar rotation provides a sensitive age diagnostic and a temporal framework for investigating the evolution of close-in planets. This is the first paper in a series aimed at tracing the evolution of the sub-Neptune population through homogeneous ages of their host stars.
We compiled rotation periods and stellar parameters for 4639 confirmed exoplanet hosts. Gyrochronological ages were inferred using a two-zone rotational evolution model and a Bayesian approach combining rotation periods, dereddened Gaia (BP-RP) colours, and literature stellar masses as Gaussian priors.
Rotational tracks were extended to the terminal-age main sequence, beyond the empirical calibration range. We obtain gyrochronological constraints for 2204 host stars. Well-constrained ages have typical formal uncertainties of 10–15%, offering substantially greater precision than is generally achievable through isochrone fitting for unevolved stars. Inferred stellar masses agree with the literature priors, while model effective temperatures are consistent with independent determinations.
Ages beyond the open-cluster calibration range remain model-dependent. The resulting homogeneous catalogue provides the age framework for investigating the evolution of sub-Neptune populations and the emergence of the radius valley. Stellar parameters, provenance, and gyrochronological results are publicly available through CDS.
Alessandro C. Lanzafame, Vincenzo Drago, Nino Greco, Isabella Pagano, Gaetano Scandariato, Federico Spada
Comments: 17 pages, 5 figure, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Subjects: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Cite as: arXiv:2611.00856 [astro-ph.SR] (or arXiv:2611.00856v1 [astro-ph.SR] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.00856
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Submission history
From: Alessandro Lanzafame C.
[v1] Sat, 31 Oct 2026 12:02:19 UTC (4,631 KB)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00856
Astrobiology, exoplanet,
