[astro-ph.EP] Aims. We investigated the properties of the water snow line during the early stages of disk evolution, paying particular attention to the effects of gravitational instability and dust growth […]
![Mechanisms that contribute to dust growth just beyond the snow line. Many-seed icy aggregates grow in the outer disk’s regions due to the high sticking efficiency of water ice and disintegrate as they cross the water snow line (green-to-blue interface) into silicate monomers and water vapor. Both diffuse back across the snow line due to turbulence, facilitating further accumulation of icy water and the growth of icy aggregates just behind the snow line, effects found in our numerical model as well (see Figs. 7 and E.2).-- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Hydrodynamics.png?resize=1200%2C721&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.EP] Aims. We investigated the properties of the water snow line during the early stages of disk evolution, paying particular attention to the effects of gravitational instability and dust growth […]