![[TOP] Time evolution of H2 mixing ratio for an atmosphere with 100% H2O. The heatmaps display vertical profiles over the 360-day simulation duration, with pressure (in bars) on the y-axis and time (in days) on the x-axis. The upper row shows results from the YMDF and FF models, while the bottom row corresponds to the FF 400 K and the CF model, as indicated on the panels. [BOTTOM] Heatmaps of CH4 mixing ratio in the atmosphere with 1% H2O over the 360-day simulation period for an atmosphere containing 100% water vapour analogous to the previous Fig. 8 -- astro-ph.EP](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Stellar-Flare-driven-Evolution.png?resize=1200%2C718&ssl=1)
Context. M dwarfs are key targets for terrestrial exoplanet studies, with prospects for atmospheric spectroscopy. However, strong stellar magnetic activity and frequent flaring require modelling efforts to assess their impact […]
Vulcan
Posted inAstrochemistry, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report
Hydrocarbon Complexity And Photochemical Shielding Of Prebiotic Feedstock Molecules In Exoplanet Atmospheres
The potential of prebiotic chemistry to propagate on an exoplanet fundamentally depends on whether the atmospheric conditions can facilitate the production of prebiotic feedstock molecules.
Posted inAstrogeology, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
The Role of Intrinsic Temperature and Vertical Mixing in Characterizing Sub-Neptune Atmospheres
Sub-Neptune planets are often modeled with a dense rocky or metal-rich interior beneath a thick hydrogen/helium (H/He) atmosphere; though their bulk densities could also be explained by a water-rich interior […]
Posted inAI - Data - Apps - Cybernetics, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Habitable Zones, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report, Venus
The Open-Source Photochem Code: A General Chemical and Climate Model for Interpreting (Exo)Planet Observations
With the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, we are firmly in the era of exoplanet atmosphere characterization. Understanding exoplanet spectra requires atmospheric chemical and climate models that span […]
Posted inAstronomy & Telescopes, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Press Release, Science Fiction
Star Trek’s “Vulcan” aka HD 26965 b – Thought To Orbit 40 Eridani A – Is Not A Planet After All
A planet thought to orbit the star 40 Eridani A – host to Mr. Spock’s fictional home planet, Vulcan, in the “Star Trek” universe – is really a kind of […]