![Average ion velocity and magnetic field distributions near the ICB. (A) The center-of-mass velocity of heavy ions in the XZMSE plane, averaged over −1 RM < YMSE < 1 RM. (B) Proton velocity. (C) Velocity shear between protons and heavy ions. (D) Magnetic field strength. (E) Angle between the magnetic field and the X�⃗ MSEin the YZMSE plane, averaged over −1.5 RM < XMSE < 0.5 RM. Black arrows in (A) to (C) indicate velocity directions. Black curves in (A) to (D) mark the nominal locations of the bow shock and ICB. The black shaded sphere in (E) denotes the planetary shadow. -- [physics.space-ph]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Simultaneous.png?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
[physics.space-ph] Atmospheric ion escape driven by the solar wind is a key process controlling the long-term loss of the Martian atmosphere. Localized plasma clouds can carry substantial fluxes of planetary […]
physics.space-ph
Posted inAI - Data - Apps - Cybernetics, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Habitable Zones, Status Report
Minimum Sample Size Calculation for Multivariable Regression of Continuous Outcomes in Chemometrics for Astrobiology and Planetary Science
Over the last few decades, prediction models have become a fundamental tool in statistics, chemometrics, and related fields.
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Habitable Zones, Space Weather & Heliophysics, Status Report
Periodicities Of Solar Activity And Solar Radiation Derived From Observations And Their Links With The Terrestrial Environment
Solar magnetic activity is expressed via variations of sunspots and active regions varying on different timescales. The most accepted is an 11-year period supposedly induced by the electromagnetic solar dynamo […]
Posted inAstrogeology, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Ganymede, Habitable Zones, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report
Probing Ganymede’s Atmosphere With HST Lyα Images In Transit Of Jupiter
We report results from far-ultraviolet observations by the Hubble Space Telescope of Jupiter’s largest moon Ganymede transiting across the planet’s dayside hemisphere.
Posted inTerraforming & Geoengineering
How To Create An Artificial Magnetosphere For Mars
If humanity is ever to consider substantial, long-term colonization of Mars, the resources needed are going to be extensive. For a long-term human presence on Mars to be established, serious […]
Posted inAstrochemistry
Chiral Selection, Isotopic Abundance Shifts, and Autocatalysis of Meteoritic Amino Acids
The discovery of amino acids in meteorites has presented two clues to the origin of their processing subsequent to their formation: a slight preference for left-handedness in some of them, […]
Posted inEnceladus, Press Release, Titan
Enceladus and Titan: Emerging Worlds of the Solar System (ESA Voyage 2050 White Paper)
Some of the major discoveries of the recent Cassini-Huygens mission have put Titan and Enceladus firmly on the Solar System map. The mission has revolutionised our view of Solar System […]
Posted inEuropa, Press Release
A Search For Signatures Of Europa's Atmosphere And Plumes In Galileo Charged Particle Data
Remote sensing observations indicate that Europa is surrounded by a tenuous atmosphere. Furthermore, recent observations and historic data from Galileo hint at the occurrence of water vapour eruptions originating from […]
Posted inBiosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Habitable Zones
Exploring and Detecting Metal Lines in Earth's Upper Atmosphere
Observations of the Earth as a planet using the earthshine technique (i.e. looking at the light reflected from the darkside of the Moon), have been used for climate and astrobiology […]