[astro-ph.IM] We assess how propulsion and operational constraints affect exo-Earth characterization with a starshade rendezvous mission for a Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO)-like telescope at Sun-Earth L2.
![The telescope flying in formation with the starshade. The telescope can detect and characterize exoplanets viewable near or beyond the angular radius of the starshade as seen from the telescope, which defines the inner working angle (IWA). Figure adopted from the Habex final report [9].-- [astro-ph.IM]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Propulsion.jpg?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.IM] We assess how propulsion and operational constraints affect exo-Earth characterization with a starshade rendezvous mission for a Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO)-like telescope at Sun-Earth L2.