![Color maps showing statistical uncertainties on the line-of-sight CH3CN Doppler shifts, for four epochs (2016-08-19 to 2022-08-01). Titan’s wireframe grid is shown for each epoch, with the spatial resolution (elliptical beam FWHM) indicated lower left.-- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Temporal-Variability.png?resize=1200%2C735&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.EP] Previous ALMA observations have revealed unexpectedly strong and rapid variations in Titan’s high-altitude equatorial zonal winds, which present a challenge to our understanding of this moon’s atmospheric dynamics.
general circulation model
![Radial gas temperature maps for planets within the in-house 3D GCM framework. The panels illustrate equatorial slice plots of (Tgas, pgas) across three global temperature regimes: 800 K (left), 1600 K (center), and 2400 K (right). Host star types vary by row, descending from A-type to G-type and M-type stars [1] -- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Faithful.png?resize=1200%2C717&ssl=1)
Posted inExoplanets, -moons, -comets
Faithful Neural Embeddings For 3D Exoplanet Climate Modeling
[astro-ph.EP] With the rapid advancement of telescopes like JWST and Ariel, there is an urgent need for efficient 3D climate models to interpret observations of exoplanet atmospheres.
![[LEFT] Haze mass mixing ratio, q1 [g g−1 ] (left column), and haze particle size , rh [nm] (right column), for the short formation timescale simulation at 10−5 bar (top row), 10−4 bar (second row), 10−3 bar (third row) and 10−2 bar (bottom row) pressure levels. The sub-stellar point is located at (0◦, 0◦). {RIGHT} same as LEFT but for the long haze formation timescale. -- astro-ph.EP](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Three-dimensional.png?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report
Three Dimensional Temporal Evolution Of Photochemical Haze In Exoplanet Atmospheres I. Description And Test Application To HD 189733b
The formation and global spatial distribution of photochemically produced haze particles remain a key process in exoplanet atmospheres for understanding their observed properties. We aim to develop a flexible haze […]
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report, Venus
ALERA-V Version 1.0: An Objective Analysis Dataset of the Venus Atmosphere
An objective analysis dataset of the Venus atmosphere, ALERA-V version 1.0, has been released. This objective analysis provides the best estimate of the state of the Venus atmosphere produced by […]
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Status Report, Venus
Comparison Of General Circulation Models Of The Venus Upper Atmosphere
In the context of future Venusian missions, it is crucial to improve our understanding of Venus upper atmosphere through 3D modeling, notably for spacecraft orbit computation.
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Press Release, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
General Circulation Models Of Hycean Worlds
Sub-Neptunes represent the current frontier of exoplanet atmospheric characterisation. A proposed subset, Hycean planets, would have liquid water oceans and be potentially habitable, but there are many unanswered questions about […]
![Mass and radius for a number of potentially habitable ocean worlds. The bullet points show identified ocean worlds: listed from bottom to top: HD 11505b, WASP 35, TOI 157, TOI 1452b, KELT 10b, HD 80883b, HD 221585b, HIP 67537b, K2-18b, Kepler 1980b, HD 50499b, Kepler 1766b, HD 50499c. The green curve gives the mass-radius relation for planets with a water content of > ∼ 30 % (by mass) from [40]. The arrows (and black crosses [right-most one is white]) give the simulation atmosphere models. -- astro-ph.EP](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/A-Systematic-North-South-Asymmetry1.png?resize=1200%2C725&ssl=1)
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
A Systematic North-South Asymmetry In The Steady-state Climate Of Rapidly-rotating Oblique Water Worlds
Planetary obliquity (axial tilt) plays an important role in regulating the climate evolution and habitability of water-covered planets.
Posted inAstronomy & Telescopes, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Status Report, Titan
Zonal Winds In Titan’s Middle Atmosphere From A Stellar Occultation Observed With Keck Adaptive Optics
We present spatially resolved Keck/NIRC2 images of a stellar occultation by Titan on September 5, 2022 and compare them to predictions from concurrent ALMA observations and a suite of General […]
Posted inAstrochemistry, Astrogeology, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Icy Worlds, Status Report, Titan
Thermal Inertia Controls on Titan’s Surface Temperature and Planetary Boundary Layer Structure
Understanding Titan’s planetary boundary layer (PBL) — the lowest region of the atmosphere influenced by surface conditions — remains challenging due to Titan’s thick atmosphere and limited observations.
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Habitable Zones, Status Report, TRAPPIST-1, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
A New Convection Scheme For GCMs Of Temperate Sub-Neptunes
Atmospheric characterisation of temperate sub-Neptunes is the new frontier of exoplanetary science with recent JWST observations of possible Hycean world K2-18b.