![A: Schematic of the ultra-high vacuum chamber used for electron irradiation experiments of Europan ice analogs. B: Shift in the resonant frequency of the QCM during co-deposition of H2O and CO2 ice from dedicated gas dosers. We first condense CO2 [1] from a doser at a constant rate of (0.25 ± 0.01) Hz/s (zoomed in the inset). We then admit water vapor [2] through a second doser which increases the deposition rate to (4.8 ± 0.2) Hz/s. When the film approaches the desired thickness (2.8 µm, which corresponds to a frequency shift of ∼ 21, 000 Hz), we terminate H2O gas deposition first [3] and continue with CO2 condensation briefly to ensure the terminal CO2 rate did not drift significantly from the initial value (< 10%). The CO2 doser is shut off at [4]. This co-deposition scheme using multiple gas dosers with QCM gravimetry allows for producing mixed ices with precisely tailored composition. This film has CO2 intimately mixed with water ice at (2.5 ± 0.1)% (by number) concentration. -- astro-ph.EP](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Laboratory-Investigation-Of-CO2-Driven.png?resize=1200%2C733&ssl=1)
Observations of Europa’s leading hemisphere reveal elevated H2O2 in the warmer, low latitude chaos terrains compared to the colder, polar regions.
Charon
Posted inAstrogeology, Habitable Zones, Icy Worlds, Pluto, Press Release
An Origin For Pluto’s Subsurface Ocean?
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Posted inAstrochemistry, Astrogeology, Astronomy & Telescopes, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Pluto, Status Report
Detection Of Carbon Dioxide And Hydrogen Peroxide On The Stratified Surface Of Charon With JWST
Charon, Pluto’s largest moon, has been extensively studied, with research focusing on its primitive composition and changes due to radiation and photolysis.
Posted inAstrochemistry, Astrogeology, Callisto, Comets and Asteroids, Enceladus, Europa, Ganymede, Habitable Zones, Icy Worlds, Press Release, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
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Posted inAstrochemistry, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Callisto, Enceladus, Europa, Ganymede, Icy Worlds, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Mimas, Pluto, Press Release, Triton
Spectroscopic Detection of Biosignatures in Natural Ice Samples as a Proxy for Icy Moons
Some of the icy moons of the solar system with a subsurface ocean, such as Europa and Enceladus, are the targets of future space missions that search for potential extraterrestrial […]