![A comparison of the upwards and downwards long-wave radiative fluxes (left and middle column) after 2000 years using a tidally-locked co-ordinate system. AS, T and SS denote the antistellar point, terminator and substellar point respectively. The right-hand column shows the difference in fluxes in filled contours, which are overlain by solid black contours that indicate the percentage increase of specific humidity in the 100 m versus the 10 m simulation.-- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/The-Hydrological.png?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
[astro-ph.EP] Tidally-locked planets express a range of climate regimes distinct from those found in our solar system.
atmosphere
Posted inBiogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology
Material Cycling Across Earth’s Spheres And Triggers Of Cambrian Explosion: A Tectonic Perspective
[ELSP] A comprehensive model of the Cambrian explosion featuring “multi-factors coupling and multi-sphere driving”. Supercontinent breakup and mantle plume activity served as the initial trigger of environmental change in the […]
Posted inAtmospheres, Climate, Weather
Where Does Earth’s Nitrogen Go? Two Atoms Offer A Clue
[Science] Nitrogen is one of life’s building blocks, but it’s only helpful in the right amounts. Too much nitrogen in water, for example, can lead to poor water quality and […]
Posted inBrown Dwarfs
First Detection Of Variable Water Clouds Outside Of Our Solar System
[University Of Arizona]. A Jupiter-sized world just 7.5 light-years away is cloudy, chemically complex, and, it turns out, more like home than anyone expected.
Posted inBrown Dwarfs
SPHEREx Telescope Sees Menagerie Of Brown Dwarfs
[NASA] NASA’s SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and Ices Explorer) space telescope is shedding light on brown dwarfs, celestial objects that blur the line […]
![Stability map of the TOI-2211 system in the (Ωc , Ic) plane for the outer planet candidate TOI-2211.02. All other orbital parameters were fixed to the nominal solution from Table A.4. The colour scale shows the adopted stability indicator, with blue regions corresponding to stable configurations and red regions to unstable configurations. -- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Searching-for.png?resize=1200%2C719&ssl=1)
Posted inWater/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography
Searching For Hot Water World Candidates With CHEOPS: II. A Low-density Super-Earth Orbiting The K Dwarf TOI-2211
[astro-ph.EP] Small exoplanets on close-in orbits are exposed to high levels of stellar irradiation, which can effectively remove low-mass primordial H/He envelopes through atmospheric escape.
![The Target Pixel File (TPF) of HS 0209+0832 from the TESS observations in Sector 71. The SPOC pipeline aperture is overplotted with shaded red squares. The position of HS 0209+0832 is demarcated by the number “1” and a white cross. All nearby sources within ∆m = 4 are displayed as red circles, with their size proportional to their brightness relative to HS 0209+0832. Each source is labelled by the rank of their projected distances from HS 0209+0832. The white arrows denote the orientation of the spacecraft during the observations. This figure was created with tpfplotter121 -- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Discovery-of-a.png?resize=1200%2C718&ssl=1)
Posted inExoplanets, -moons, -comets
Discovery Of A Second-generation Planet Candidate Accreting Onto A White Dwarf
[astro-ph.EP] Many white dwarfs accrete the debris of disrupted planetary bodies, detected in the form of metal-enrichment in their atmospheres, dusty or gaseous circumstellar discs, and photometric transits from debris.
Posted inTitan
Oxidation Of Photochemical Organic Hazes: A Prebiotic Source of Oxygen-Bearing Organics in Titan’s Atmosphere And Early Earth?
[Astrobiology via PubMed]. Photochemical organic hazes such as those found in the atmosphere of Titan, the largest satellite of Saturn, are mainly composed of reduced chemical components.
![Color maps showing statistical uncertainties on the line-of-sight CH3CN Doppler shifts, for four epochs (2016-08-19 to 2022-08-01). Titan’s wireframe grid is shown for each epoch, with the spatial resolution (elliptical beam FWHM) indicated lower left.-- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Temporal-Variability.png?resize=1200%2C735&ssl=1)
Posted inTitan
Temporal Variability of Titan’s Middle-Atmospheric Zonal Winds from Southern Fall to Late Winter (2016-2023)
[astro-ph.EP] Previous ALMA observations have revealed unexpectedly strong and rapid variations in Titan’s high-altitude equatorial zonal winds, which present a challenge to our understanding of this moon’s atmospheric dynamics.
![Observation and modeling of the Arsia Mons Elongated Cloud (AMEC). (A) Observation by the Mars Express VMC imager41,42, at 8.5 a.m. Local Time. (B) Reference simulation assuming only heterogeneous nucleation, at 8.1 a.m. Local Time. (C) Same as B, but with homogeneous nucleation added. See also supplementary video S1.-- [astro-ph.EP]](https://i0.wp.com/astrobiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Homogeneous.png?resize=1200%2C720&ssl=1)
Posted inMars
Homogeneous Nucleation of Water Vapor Evidenced by Elongated Clouds on Mars
[astro-ph.EP] It is widely accepted that water vapor forms clouds by heterogeneous nucleation (condensation on pre-existing dry nuclei).