Discovery of the 7-ring PAH Cyanocoronene (C24H11CN) in GOTHAM Observations of TMC-1

We present the synthesis and laboratory rotational spectroscopy of the 7-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) cyanocoronene (C₂₄H₁₁CN) using a laser-ablation assisted cavity-enhanced Fourier transform microwave spectrometer.

A total of 71 transitions were measured and assigned between 6.8–10.6GHz. Using these assignments, we searched for emission from cyanocoronene in the GBT Observations of TMC-1: Hunting Aromatic Molecules (GOTHAM) project observations of the cold dark molecular cloud TMC-1 using the 100\,m Green Bank Telescope (GBT).

We detect a number of individually resolved transitions in ultrasensitive X-band observations and perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to derive best-fit parameters, including a total column density of N(C₂₄H₁₁CN)=2.69+0.26−0.23×10¹²cm⁻² at a temperature of 6.05+0.38−0.37K. A spectral stacking and matched filtering analysis provides a robust 17.3σ significance to the overall detection.

The derived column density is comparable to that of cyano-substituted naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and pyrene, defying the trend of decreasing abundance with increasing molecular size and complexity found for carbon chains. We discuss the implications of the detection for our understanding of interstellar PAH chemistry and highlight major open questions and next steps.

Gabi Wenzel, Siyuan Gong, Ci Xue, P. Bryan Changala, Martin S. Holdren, Thomas H. Speak, D. Archie Stewart, Zachary T. P. Fried, Reace H. J. Willis, Edwin A. Bergin, Andrew M. Burkhardt, Alex N. Byrne, Steven B. Charnley, Andrew Lipnicky, Ryan A. Loomis, Christopher N. Shingledecker, Ilsa R. Cooke, Anthony J. Remijan, Michael C. McCarthy, Alison E. Wendlandt, Brett A. McGuire

Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
Cite as: arXiv:2504.05232 [astro-ph.GA] (or arXiv:2504.05232v1 [astro-ph.GA] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.05232
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Related DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adc911
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Submission history
From: Gabi Wenzel
[v1] Mon, 7 Apr 2025 16:15:54 UTC (2,759 KB)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.05232
Astrobiology, Astrochemistry,